1 Introduction
El Salvador formerly American companies Anaconda copper mine in the Andean company. In 1971, Chile was nationalized and belonged to the national copper company Kodelco. Located at the Moor Redee Indian Mountains in Atama Province, northern Chile, at an altitude of 2,900m. It is about 800km south to the capital Santiago. Copper was developed in 1959. The existing production capacity is 24kt/d, 8.60~10Mt/a. Annual copper concentrate 190kt, grade 43 percent copper, 85% copper recovery, with an annual output 2600T molybdenum concentrate, molybdenum grade 56%, 70% recovery.
2. Deposits, ores and mining
El Salvador is a porphyry copper deposit. The main mineralization occurs during the intrusion period of the granitic-strobolite porphyry. According to the intrusion time, the earliest intrusive porphyry, equal granular fine structure, consists of quartz and a small amount of biotite . Followed by the invasion of porphyry plagioclase phenocrysts, coarsening, clearly mottled structure, with a strong alteration and mineralization. The last intrusive porphyry matrix consists of quartz and fine-grained plagioclase, which are widely distributed without obvious alteration and mineralization. The ore bodies are mainly produced in the early and middle porphyry, especially in the quartz porphyry and andesite .
The ore body is not regular enough, with a length of 1300m, a width of 900m and a thickness of 250m. The ore reserves are 375 Mt, the average copper content is 1.4%, and the boundary is 0.45%. The upper part of the ore body is an oxidative leaching belt, the main mineral is malachite; the central part is widely developed as a secondary enrichment belt, which is currently the main mining body; the bottom is the primary vulcanization zone.
Mining ore containing mainly heavy metal minerals: chalcocite, covellite and a small amount of molybdenite and natural copper. The mine uses pit mining and flat cutting, and the mining capacity is 23.6~28kt/d and 8620kt/a.
3. Mineral processing technology
Copper-molybdenum mixed flotation is used. The copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate is sorted by Anamol-D copper-activated molybdenum, and the copper concentrate is then immersed in copper minerals (mainly molybdenite) by sodium cyanide.
The copper-molybdenum mixed flotation process and process are shown in Figure 3-47. It consists of 4 series, each set of ¢3.05×4.27m Marcy-type ball mill and 4 ¢510mm Krebs cyclone closed circuit. The mixed flotation is composed of a coarse sweep, a concentrate regrind, a second selection, and a fine sweep. The rough selection uses three sets of 28-slot Akitel-48 flotation machine, and the sweep selects one set of 28-slot same-type flotation machine. The tailings contain 0.25% copper and are sent to the tailings processing plant for copper-molybdenum.
Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the copper-molybdenum mixed flotation and copper-molybdenum sorting process.
Figure 1 El Salvador copper-molybdenum mixed flotation process
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Figure 2 El Salvador copper-molybdenum sorting process
Copper-molybdenum separation: Copper-molybdenum separation was carried out using only Anamol-D, NaCN and concentrate regrind, and a coarse and seven fine re-grinding process.
The regrind mill is a ¢1220×2440mm mill. The agitator-48 flotation machine with 1 m 3 for mixing, rough selection and fine 1 and the 18-tank D-18SP flotation machine for fine 2~ fine 7 are used. The seven fine foams tend to have a copper content of 2.5% higher. The four copper crucibles are 2.75×3.5m, and the copper ore in the molybdenum concentrate is immersed in the heated state with sodium cyanide to make the copper content of the product less than 0.3%. .
4, mineral processing indicators
Raw ore grade: 1.12% Cu (copper oxide 0.16%), 0.025% Mo; copper concentrate: 43% copper, 85% copper recovery; molybdenum concentrate: 56% molybdenum, 70% molybdenum recovery, copper containing ≤ 0.31%.
5. Flotation agent (g/t)
Yellow medicine 2~11, 25 (original ore meter), Z-200 10 (original ore meter), pine oil 40 (original ore meter), lime 3000 (original ore meter), Anamol-Dl 3200 (concentrate meter), petroleum 250 (fine Mine meter), NaCN3600 (concentrate meter).
6, material consumption
The steel ball consumes 800g/t (original ore), clean water 2m 3 /t (original ore), and electricity consumption is 17.5kw·h/t (original ore).
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