The “sewer” problem has become an urban emergency because of the lack of early warning.

On July 21st, a torrential rain that did not happen in 61 years caused serious guilt on Beijing City. In fact, Beijing is not a single case. In China, many cities face the same problem. Urban flood control and drainage project construction cannot keep pace with the expansion of urbanization. However, this is only a visual cause.

Although the rainy season has already gone, a series of problems brought about by heavy rains have led us to reflect on it. In order to discuss the problems existing in China's "sewers", the People's Network Interview Group specially planned a series of in-depth reports on the "Ten-question sewer". Taking Beijing's "July 21" torrential rain as the entry point, multi-channel reporters visited Beijing, Guangzhou, Haikou and Luzhou respectively. More than a dozen cities such as Hefei, Qingdao, etc., analyze the phenomena of urban floods and smart practices in the country, and use the “sewer” problem as a current urban disease, to find out the causes and to find a solution.

After Beijing's “July 21” heavy rain, the escape hammer “fired”.

“This year, the festival is not a gift, and only the escape hammer is received.” The well-known actor Yao Chen ridiculed on Weibo and drew more than 15,000 relays. Many netizens commented, “Buy one just in case.” Searching for “escape hammer” on Taobao. Shows that there are more than 10,000 pieces of “baby”, which indicates its popularity.

"Many people now sell escape hammers and they really don't care." Zhang Xiaoming, an associate professor at the National Institute of Administration's Emergency Management Training Center, told the People's Daily reporter: "Emergency management is not something we usually understand. It is a temporary emergency after the incident but a complete one. process."

Disaster escape is only an important part of emergency management in urban flood prevention. However, it was the escape hammer that was not available on weekdays. It knocked on the public’s emergency awareness and tortured the government’s emergency management system.

Emergency management is not an afterthought

In July, Qingdao, Shandong Province also suffered heavy rain, but the city did not appear guilty. Why can it withstand the test of heavy rain?

The Qingdao City Flood Control Office provided the reporter with the "Qingdao Urban Flood Control Workflow" and showed that its flood prevention work was divided into 5 steps: flood prevention preparation, flood prevention warning, flood prevention initiation, flood prevention implementation, and flood prevention assessment. Among them, flood prevention preparations are very comprehensive, including six parts: revision of plans, development of plans, implementation of flood prevention responsibilities, preparation of flood prevention machinery, procurement of flood prevention materials, dredging of drainage facilities, and flood prevention drills.

The person in charge of the Qingdao Drainage Management Office stated that the emphasis on early prevention work is one of the characteristics of the city's flood prevention work. The first is to strengthen the revision of pre-arrangement work, and at the same time around the pre-proposal, carry out various forms of urban flood prevention drills to make the flood prevention units familiar with the process and application of the preplan; second is to sort out the hidden dangers of flood control and actively raise funds to rectify the hidden dangers, which cannot be corrected for the time being. Implement the responsibility for flood prevention and responsible persons on a case-by-case basis to ensure that urban flood prevention work is carried out in an orderly manner. Third, strengthen emergency rescue supplies and equipment preparation, establish emergency flood rescue teams at all levels of cities, and clearly pull procedures to “strive to draw and redraw”. Get on and win."

Flood prevention emergency management requires a lot of preparation work, but it does not mean that it is prepared in advance and remedied afterwards. "Emergency management has four processes: First, it must be prevented and prepared beforehand. For example, the highway entrance must be closed and large-scale activities must be stopped. Second, the incident has already started and heavy rainstorms have begun. Emergency monitoring and emergency warning should be done. Release information; Third, during the incident, the city has been flooded, what should we do? Emergency treatment, on-site rescue; Fourth, after the event, it can be restored if it can be restored, and it cannot be restored.” Zhang Xiaoming believes that many urban flood prevention work in China The problem with the rating is that the emergency preparedness is insufficient.

Emergency warning can do more

There are many reasons for the lack of emergency preparedness. Zhang Xiaoming pointed out that the key lies in the warning.

On July 21, the actual rainfall level in Beijing far exceeded the forecast level of 24 hours ago. In addition, many netizens believe that the meteorological department has issued too few warning channels and should send warning messages to the public. On July 25th, Beijing forecast will usher in a new round of heavy rainfall. The company got off work early, warning messages were sent to mobile phones, and the Drainage Group was in place ahead of schedule... The rainstorm was “satisfactory”; on July 28, the whole city was once again stricken with heavy rain and even heavy rain, but heavy rain or heavy rain still did not appear.

Jiang Furen, a high-quality engineer of the Development Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources, believes that although China's meteorological forecast has made great progress in recent years, it still has a certain gap compared with the prediction capabilities of developed countries such as USA and Japan. Japan not only forecasts rainfall at 3-hour intervals in the next 36 hours, but also conducts short-term and real-time forecasts for heavy rainfall. The short duration forecast is to predict the hourly rainfall within 6 hours. The real-time forecast is for forecasting rainfall every 10 minutes for 1 hour. The weather forecast in China is only for the day or night, and the time is divided into relatively thick; only small rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, or heavy rain can be forecasted, and relatively accurate hourly rainfall forecasts cannot be made yet. Therefore, he suggested that China should vigorously introduce or develop advanced storm short-term forecasting technology to improve the ability to respond to heavy rainfall forecasting and early warning.

In addition to the inaccurate forecasts, the problems reflected by netizens are concentrated on warning messages. In response, Qu Xiaobo, deputy director of the Beijing Meteorological Bureau, responded by saying that the meteorological department has short message terminals, but Beijing has 20 million permanent residents and more than 95% have mobile phones, but the number of base stations for sending short messages is very limited. “The result of the previous test was that after a text message went out, 400 were sent out in one second. According to this speed, the citizens of the city received a short message for a long time. If the disaster weather had ended when the text message was received, the warning would be No sense."

Regarding the above issues, Zhang Xiaoming disclosed to reporters that in November last year, the country launched a major project, the national public emergency warning information release system. The system requires all provinces and municipalities to support construction. At present, five provinces such as Shanxi, Guangdong and Hubei have been completed. Its publishing methods mainly include websites, mobile phone short messages, radio and television broadcasts, and electronic display screens. Strive for the public to receive relevant warning information within 10 minutes.

Next post: A netizen sent Weibo to claim that a 5-year-old girl was bruised and beaten by her father.
Previous post: Man hanging banners on his street to his wife