In a boiling boiler, how do we measure the water level? Water level gauges are also called "level gauges" or "level gauges". Because the water in the boiler is heated at a high temperature, the loss of water and steam is relatively large. It is necessary to continuously replenish the water so that the water level in the boiler is maintained at a certain height. When the water level is too low, there is a danger that the boiler will explode. In order to keep abreast of the water level in the boiler, a water level gauge is installed on the boiler, and the water level gauge and the boiler form a connected unit. Commonly used glass level gauge, pressure level gauge, buoy level gauge, capacitance level gauge and resistance level gauge. At high temperatures and pressures, isotopes can also be used. An instrument that automatically measures and records the water level of rivers, lakes, and irrigation channels. According to the principle of sensor float, tracking, pressure and reflection and so on. Water level recording methods mainly include: description of recording paper, data display or typing record, punched tape, tape and solid circuit storage. The accuracy of the water level gauge is generally within 1 to 3 centimeters. The recording period of the Chinese-made water level gauge is one day, 30 days and 90 days. Travel time error, mechanical clock is 2 minutes/day, quartz crystal clock is less than 5 minutes/month.
Water level meter classification
Float water level meter
The principle is that the float senses the rise and fall of the water level. A general water level meter that directly makes a float transmission recording structure with mechanical means has a teletype, a digital water level gauge that converts the amount of rotation provided by the float into an incremental electric pulse or a binary coded pulse for long-distance transmission, and also uses miniature floats and many Reed switch composed of digital water level gauges. The most widely used is the mechanical water level gauge. The application of float-type water level gauges requires logging equipment and is only suitable for use in river sections with stable slopes and low sediment concentration in riverbeds.
Tracking water level gauge
Also known as a contact-type water level gauge, an electric signal is sent out from the surface of the water by using an electric stylus on the weight to make the motor forward or reverse, and the position of the water surface can be tracked at any time to determine the water level. Generally, iron pipes are erected on steep slopes, and the suspension hammers and suspension cables move up and down in the pipes to drive recording or signal devices. The inlet of the iron pipe needs sedimentation and still water facilities.
Pressure level gauge
Its working principle is to measure the water pressure and calculate the water level. Its characteristic is that it is not necessary to build hydrostatic well logging. The sensor can be fixed at the bottom of the river and the pressure can be used to eliminate the atmospheric pressure so that the water level can be measured directly. There are two types of pressure level gauges. One type is a bubble type, which continuously delivers gas in a pressure-inducing tube, and converts the water pressure into a mechanical rotation amount using an automatically adjusted pressure balance, thereby driving the recording mechanism. The other type is the electrical test type, which uses a solid-state piezoresistive device as a sensor, which can directly convert the water pressure into a voltage modulus or frequency output, transmit it to the shore for processing and recording (Figure 2).
Sound Level Meter
Is a type of reflective water level meter, the application of sound waves in different interface reflection principle to determine the water level. Divided into gas-type and water-type two types. The air-to-membrane type uses air as the sound wave propagation medium. The transducer is placed above the water surface. The sound wave is reflected from the water surface and the water level can be calculated and displayed according to the echo time. The instrument does not touch the water body, completely free from the influence of sediment, flow velocity impact and aquatic grasses and other unfavorable factors. The water type is to install the transducer at the bottom of the river and emit sound waves to the surface of the water. Acoustic waves travel in aqueous media at high speeds and distances and do not need logging. Both water gauges can be cabled to indoor display or storage records.
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