How to plant the current agricultural structure adjustment?

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] "There is a sweet spot around the market." At the end of the year, Wang Yunliang, chairman of the Yonggang Agricultural Machinery Cooperative of Qinggang County, Heilongjiang Province, sighed at the harvest of the year. During the spring broadcast, he took the shackles and hoped to increase the marigold from 3,600 mu to 8,000 mu, and reduced the corn area from 10,000 mu to 3,000 mu. During the autumn harvest season, large pieces of flowers were harvested and directly entered the processing factory. wealth. Although corn has been temporarily replenished, with the corn producer subsidy, corn has money to make.

How to plant the current agricultural structure adjustment?

Like Wang Yunliang, many keen farmers have smelled the changes and opportunities brought about by the current adjustment of agricultural structure. Since the beginning of this year, from planting to animal husbandry to fisheries, from production to processing to circulation, the structural adjustment of large agriculture is moving in accordance with the market demand for navigation lights. The data shows that this year, the area of ​​corn in the country has been reduced by more than 30 million mu, the area of ​​soybeans and forage has increased significantly, and the proportion of wheat varieties has increased. The trend of pig breeding in the southern water network area is obvious to the areas with large environmental capacity. The development of herbivorous animal husbandry such as northern meat and mutton cattle has accelerated, and the supply capacity has steadily increased.

Reduce corn to promote grain and feed management

In the Tonghe County Fuying Corn Cooperative in Heilongjiang Province, although there is the word "corn" in the name, after running nearly 100 breeding bases and processing factories, at the beginning of this year, Zhang Zhiqiang, chairman of the cooperative, decided to take the corn area from everyone. Last year's 7,000 acres were compressed to 3,000 acres, replaced by red beans and 1800 acres of soybeans expanded to 15,000 acres.

Tonghe County is located in the "Shovel Bend" area. "Sickle Bend", named in China's territory from the northeast to the north-southwest-northwest sickle-shaped distribution, the ecological environment is relatively fragile, and the corn yield is low and unstable. Affected by comparative benefits, in recent years, some areas in the northeastern part of the region have reduced soybeans and replanted corn. The soy sorghum that once existed in the mountains has become a situation in which corn is "one grain only."

The focus of this year's crop restructuring is to optimize the corn structure, and the focus of corn structure adjustment is the Northeast. At present, China has more corn stocks, and more than 80% are concentrated in the Northeast. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture said that it is very important to promote the adjustment of planting structure focusing on corn. This year, the area of ​​corn in the non-advantageous areas has been reduced by 30 million mu, exceeding the expectation of 10 million mu at the beginning of the year.

Structural adjustment is not a blind reduction, but it should be reduced or reduced. The staged supply of corn has exceeded demand, while the supply and demand gap of soybean has gradually expanded. The corn is going to be reduced, but the soybeans have to be added. The Ministry of Agriculture announced the “National Planting Industry Structure Adjustment Plan” and proposed to accelerate the development of a grain and feed-feeding development plan. By reducing grain corn, expand crops such as soybeans, potatoes, silage corn and forage that are in high demand.

What kind of peasants should mainly look at the benefits, and to guide the peasants to voluntarily adjust the structure, it is necessary to increase investment and let the peasants have accounts. This year, the central government consolidated 3.25 billion yuan to support the adjustment of agricultural structure, which supported the 1.5 billion yuan of corn structure adjustment and operation, and effectively safeguarded the interests of farmers. All localities also highlighted "speciality and special features" to encourage farmers to grow varieties that are marketable and meet market demand.

Regional coordination and development of agriculture and animal husbandry

If we say that the optimization of agricultural production structure is more focused on agriculture, and rationalize the long-term development of the timeline array, this round focuses on "corn", then the optimization of regional layout is based on the national map as a chessboard to promote regional structure coordination. Space axis planning.

Spread a map, draw a line from the Heihe River in the northeast to Tengchong in the southwest. It is the famous "Hu Huanyong Line" with a population density contrast line. It is also the transition zone from the grassland pastoral area to the farming area. This line is a traditional agricultural area from east to south, and grassland animal husbandry to the west and north. Near this line, farming and grazing coexist, called the agro-pastoral zone. In recent years, the traditional agricultural breeding structure in this area has had many problems. Now here is the focus of adjusting and optimizing the agricultural layout.

The key areas of the agro-pastoral ecotone in the north involve 146 counties in 7 provinces including Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia. Aiming at the problems of grassland degradation and land desertification in the agro-pastoral ecotone, China has already started the project of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, but it still faces the imbalance of agriculture and animal husbandry.

"This area is historically the alternate development of grassland animal husbandry and planting, but there is always farming and animal husbandry, so the region needs a combination of agriculture and animal husbandry." Wang Xiudong, a researcher at the Agricultural Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, believes that the combination of farming and breeding is The great advantages of the development of the farming-pastoral ecotone can not only graze, but also grow forage materials, develop housing and feeding, and need to grow and combine to improve production efficiency; one is connected to the agricultural area, one is connected with the pastoral area, the area is connected, and the industry complements each other. There are also conditions to achieve regional agro-pastoral integration.