Zirconium sand ore dressing plant - Zirconium ore

I. Overview

Zirconium Mine is located in Lufeng County, Guangdong Province, China. It is a coastal sand deposit with zircon. The resources of the mining area were discovered in 1957, and the mine was started in 1958. It was put into operation that year. From 1958 to 1901, Zhang relied on the soil method for production. The rough selection was carried out by using triangular troughs, tire spiral concentrators , soil shakers, etc. There were only two single-disc magnetic separators and several upper shakers. From the end of 1061 to the end of 1965, it was discontinued for some reason. In early 1966, production resumed. From 1967, it began to use water gun mining, sand pump transportation, Guangdong type I jig and shaker for rough selection, and the selection plant also added electrification. Machines, magnetic separators and other equipment began to enter the mechanized production stage. Due to the Guangdong Type I jig, the ore sorting effect of this mine is not good enough. In 1974, the tire spiral concentrator was used as the roughing equipment. In order to further improve the rough selection effect, the tire spiral concentrator was replaced by a plastic spiral chute in 1978. Over the years, while the process and equipment of the mining plant have been continuously improved and improved, the technological level of the selected plants has also been improved accordingly. Up to now, the selected plants have formed a joint process of re-election, magnetic separation, electro-election and flotation, which has improved the technical and economic indicators and comprehensive recovery capacity of the selected plants, except for the main product zircon. outer stone, iron ore can be integrated recovery of titanium, rutile, monazite, cassiterite and other by-products.

Second, the geological profile of the deposit and the nature of the ore

The Zizi Zirconium Deposit is a beach-filled sand dam sand mine. The ore body runs along the east-west direction of Jiazi Bay, and is basically parallel with the coastline. The average length is 5,500 meters, the average width is 870 meters, and the average thickness is 3.64 meters. The ore body accounts for 91.8% of the reserves. The ore particle size is relatively uniform and the mud content is less. The mining conditions are good.

The main minerals of the mine are zircon, followed by ilmenite. Other minerals that can be comprehensively recovered include leucite, rutile, cassiterite, anatase and monazite. Other metal minerals are: magnetite, titanomagnetite, hematite, limonite, pyrite, etc., due to the low content, no recovery value. Gangue minerals dominated by quartz, the content of more than 95% of the total amount of minerals, other gangue minerals: epidote, garnet, tourmaline, feldspar, chlorite, mica, apatite and the like. Most of the minerals in the ore are present as monomers, and the useful minerals are finer in size, zircon and anatase. The rutile is enriched in the 0.125-0.063 mm particle size, while the ilmenite is enriched in the 0.25-0.063 mm grain size. Relatively speaking, the ilmenite grain size is relatively coarse. The ore density is 2.66 tons of glutinous rice ³ and the loose density is 1.534 tons/ ^m3 . The relative content of ore minerals in the ore, a number of analyses, the main mineral pure mineral analysis and screening analysis are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4, respectively.

Table 1 Various mineral contents in ore

Table 2 Results of multiple analysis of ore

Table 3 Analysis results of several single minerals

Table 4 Raw ore screening results

Third, the production process and technical indicators

(1) Mining and selection plant

The Zirconium Mine Mining and Separation Plant currently adopts the process of water recovery-water transportation and spiral chute selection. It adopts φ15.24 cm (φ6 inch) imitation flat-type water to grab mining, the pump is 10sh-9 type, and the motor power is 55 kW. The slurry is conveyed by a φ20.32 (φ8 inch) sand pump pipe. The stope is 600 meters long and 300 meters wide. The slope of the floor is 10%. The sand pump is 100 meters away from the working face. The concentration of raw ore can reach 16%-20%.

The raw ore slurry is firstly screened to pre-screen and remove foreign matter such as coarse sand, shells and weeds. The sieved product is classified into a spiral chute for rough selection and the tailings are discarded. The coarsely-selected concentrate is then selected by a spiral chute to obtain concentrate for the selected plant, and the selected tailings are returned to the rough-selected ore for re-election. The principle of mineral processing principle of the Zirconium Ore Mine Roughing Plant is shown in Figure 1. The technical and economic indicators for rough selection in the past three years are shown in Table 5.

Figure 1 Zirconium ore fine selection process

Table 5 Zirconium ore technical indicators

Mining plant power consumption: 3.9 ~ 4.6 kW · hr / ton · raw ore

(2) Select Factory

After entering the plant, the coarse concentrate is firstly re-elected by shaker, and the low-density gangue is further discarded. The concentrate is divided into two groups of products rich in monazite, cassiterite and rich in ilmenite, zircon and rutile. Selective, electrification, magnetic separation, and reverse flotation combined processes to obtain concentrates such as monazite, cassiterite and ilmenite, zircon, rutile. The process flow of the Zirconium ore selection process is shown in Figure 2, and the technical indicators are shown in Table 6.

Figure 2 Zirconium ore selection process

Table 6 Technical Index Table of Jiazi Zirconium Mine Selection Plant

U-tube

U-tube refers to a heat exchange tube shaped like a U, which is an important part of a U Type heat exchanger. Advantages of U-shaped tube: The U-shaped tube heat exchanger has only one tube plate, both ends of the tube are fixed on the same tube plate, the tube can be stretched freely, no thermal stress, and the thermal compensation performance is good; the tube side adopts double tube side, The process is longer, the flow rate is higher, the heat transfer performance is better, and the pressure bearing capacity is strong. The tube bundle can be drawn out from the shell, which is convenient for maintenance and cleaning, and the structure is simple and the cost is cheap. The disadvantage of the U-shaped tube is that due to the limitation of the radius of curvature of the bend tube, the arrangement of the heat exchange tubes is less, the innermost tube spacing of the tube bundle is relatively large, the utilization rate of the Tube Sheet is low, and the shell-side fluid is easy to form a short circuit, which is harmful to the transmission. When the tubes are leaked and damaged, only the U-shaped tubes at the periphery of the tube bundle are easy to replace. If the inner heat exchange tube is damaged, it cannot be replaced, but can only be blocked. Moreover, one damaged U-shaped tube is equivalent to two damaged tubes, and the scrap rate is relatively high.

U-tube,U Shaped Tube,Bundle Tubes,U Tube Bundle

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