As early as the mid-1970s, China proposed to actively develop low-alcohol liquor with a volume fraction of 40% or less. However, with the decrease of alcohol content, white turbid, Precipitation and other issues. However, with the birth of the separation membrane, this technical problem has also been effectively solved. The separation membrane is a special, selectively permeable, thin layer that allows one or more substances in the fluid to pass through while the other substances are not permeable, thus concentrating and separating and purifying . 1. Classification and characteristics of membranes Membrane structure is divided into symmetrical membrane, asymmetric membrane and composite membrane; according to their different pore size (or intercepted molecular weight), the membrane can be divided into microfiltration membrane, ultrafiltration membrane, nanofiltration Membrane and reverse osmosis membranes; According to the different materials, can be divided into inorganic and organic membranes. Has been developed and applied membrane separation techniques are: microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, gas separation. 2. Application of Membrane Components and Comparison of Their Main Features Membrane modules commonly used in industry include tubular components, hollow fiber membrane modules, plate-frame membrane modules and membrane modules. The performance comparison is shown in Table 2. 3. Membrane separation technology in the application of low liquor turbidity The original liquor in the decline of turbidity occurs mainly for the following two reasons: First, the three kinds of high boiling point alcohol-soluble and insoluble in water, the nature of the unstable senior Fatty acid ethyl ester (ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, linoleic acid ethyl ester) in the process of lowering the solubility decreased precipitation, resulting in turbidity; Second, fusel oil with alcohol decreased, the solubility of precipitated precipitation, appear cloudy. In addition, high water hardness, metal ions and hexyl hexanoate can also cause white wine turbidity, loss of light. To make the body clear, it is necessary to remove the polymer from the body. In recent years, membrane separation technology gradually applied to the brewing industry, especially in the application of turbidity of low liquor, not only make the body of the turbid material removed, but also does not affect the flavor of wine, more and more attention by the wineries . 3.1 The application of composite microfiltration membrane in low liquor turbidity removal The composite microfiltration membrane is composed of fiber, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth and film-forming agent. During the process of microfiltration membrane production, the three-dimensional network structure of fiber intertwined thickness Microfiltration membrane skeleton, activated carbon diatomite adsorbed on the fibers, precipitated in the fibers, the entire filter filled with criss-crossing multi-branched small channels, the film formed by the activated carbon and activated carbon structure bonded, So that it can withstand and pass the pressure. Composite microfiltration membrane filtration of low-grade liquor, in its production process, there must be some pressure, this pressure ensures the functional adsorption of composite microfiltration membrane is a deep adsorption, each of the large and small micropores are adsorption, Each wine molecules are adsorbed or go through its micro-pore channels, this exercise stroke, completely guaranteed the low degree of liquor in addition to turbidity thoroughly and completely. In 2001, Sichuan Quanxing Co., Ltd. Lai Deng? J and other 64-degree wine base will be reduced to 28 degrees after the composite microfiltration membrane, frozen at minus 18 ° C for one week is not cloudy, there is loss of light, soft taste, no Water, pure and sweet, the physical and chemical indicators also meet product quality standards. In addition, Zhu Jianhong is equal to the application of newly developed domestic activated carbon composite microfiltration membrane in 2001, effectively filtering off the white turbidity produced by liquor due to descending surface, and can effectively remove or reduce the bitter, spicy and unpleasant taste of wine to make the alcohol and ; Luo Huibo also carried out a comparison of different pore size membrane filtration test and found that the use of low-alcohol liquor pore size 0.22μm membrane filtration, a high degree of white wine with a pore size of 0.45μm membrane filtration can enhance the anti-freezing and natural stability of wine samples, And less trace elements loss. 3.2 ultrafiltration membrane in the application of low liquor turbidity Ultrafiltration membrane either box-type or hollow fiber type, the surface of the membrane are covered with nano-sized pores, the liquid under the action of the driving force through the membrane Of the microporous solution of the material grading screening, to achieve the purpose of turbid separation membrane ultrafiltration process for the dynamic process, the membrane is not blocked easily, you can continue to use for years. As early as 1995, Sun Rongquan applied the ultrafiltration technology to the study of turbidity removal of low-alcohol liquor, and discussed the influence of process flow, structure design and operation parameters on the performance of the ultrafilter. Lu Xiaofeng et al. 0.64m2 HPM64 plate-frame ultrafiltration membrane, the selection of molecular weight cutoff 10000, 30000, 50000 three kinds of specifications of ultrafiltration membrane for sake filtration, at the same time, also carried out the impact of ultrafiltration yield related factors screening test; Zhu Zhiling and other hollow fiber ultrafiltration technology to remove the whiteness due to the turbidity after the drop, the phenomenon of loss of light, and carried out economic analysis, indicating that the filtering effect is good, low operating costs; Shi Hongwen other inorganic (ceramic) film The filtration
Module is applied to liquor turbidity removal and the optimum process conditions are determined. The filtration module has the advantages of simple process, good effect and low energy consumption, and is easy to control membrane fouling and has good market prospect. Deng Jing et al compared alcohol special carbon, corn starch and membrane filtration in 2006 to reduce the effect of turbidity treatment during liquor degradation. The results showed that liquor special charcoal and membrane filtration treatment liquor better, the combination of the two Up with the economy, the effect is good, the best way is to reduce the base wine before the first membrane filtration, and then with alcohol-based carbon base liquor after mixing, and finally through the membrane filtration. The resulting wine taste coordination, to maintain the original style. 4. Conclusion In summary, membrane separation technology in the low liquor turbidity has great application prospects, has become an important new technology in the brewing industry, improve the impurity removal rate, maintain quality, reduce energy consumption and Processing time, process improvement has shown great potential and application value, with good application prospects. Although the application of membrane separation technology in the field of wine there are still some problems, such as the choice of membrane material less than the number of domestic membrane filtration system manufacturers less, membrane cleaning and recycling of contaminated technology needs to be further improved, However, with the continuous development of new membrane materials, advances in membrane preparation technology and the continuous deepening of basic research on membrane separation processes, the existing problems will certainly be solved.
Metal Seated Butterfly Valve
Double-eccentric metal-to-metal
sealed Butterfly Valve
Summary:
Flange double-eccentric metal-to-metal sealed butterfly valve is
operated by worm gear to decelerate to drive the disc to rotate within 90°.It can be applied to cut off or
regulate the flow of media. The valve can be actuated by operating lever,
handle wheel, electric actuator or pneumatic actuator. Underground valve can be
operated by an extended Spindle. No matter operated by electric actuator or
pneumatic one, positions where the valve is opened and closed are all equipped
with limit switches and indicating devices that synchronically show the opening
state of the disc.
Structure:
Being double eccentric, when opened, the
sealed ring of the disc is automatically off-seated after only a little degree
of opening movement. The sealed ring completely bears no external pressure,
which helps the valve keep longer life.
Butterfly valve has the capability of
bi-directional sealing, which achieves no leakage in both primary and secondary
directions, especially applicable to underground water-supplying network of
pipes with circular multi-sources. If only unidirectional media, when
installing the valve, the primary direction is of priority.
The position of sealed ring can be
adjusted in all directions to modulate the compression of the sealing, which
makes the valve able to be operated by minimum torque.
The base ring of the body and the
sealed ring of the disc all employ stainless steel of excellent quality, which
are competent of high temperature and anti-corrosion and long service life. The
sealed structure of the valve uses divided-body design, dependable interchangeability,
easy to apply and maintain.
As to those valves whose DN is
equal or larger than 1200 mm,
the disc applies the flying-disc design with a result of light weight, high
rigidity, powerful strength, small flow–resistance and Low loss of pressure.
The stem and disc use a
positioning pattern of non-penetration and pin–offset to avoid shearing and
abrasion of the spline caused by frequent shifting of the upper stem and to
prevent abnormal opening and closing of the valve.
Between the stem and the body [o"
ring , a kind of environmentally-protecting rubber is applied, which not only
achieves no maintenance but also reliable sealing, meanwhile, overcomes
potential leakage when stuffing and sealing as well as prevents stuffing`s pollution
of the water.
Technical
characteristics:
Automatic assembly and coating
product line and developed process-flow ensure the outstanding ability of
anti-corrosion and flawless appearances of products.
Anti-corrosion
performance:
Inside and outside surfaces of the
body are coated with electrostatic epoxy resin powder. The coating is even and
firm with good adhesion and excellent anti-corrosion.
Sanitary standard:
Non-toxic epoxy resin powder used
comply with EN sanitary standard.
The
coated resin is in accordance with standards of potable water
Applying area:
The valve can be used in potable
water system, water supply and drainage, heat supply, gas,
metallurgical industry, energy system and pipeline and so on.
Metal Seated Butterfly Valve,Double Flanged Metal Seated Butterfly Valve,Double Eccentric Metal Sealed Butterfly Valve,High Performance Metal Seated Butterfly Valve
SUZHOU YUEDA VALVE CO., LTD. , https://www.jsyuedavalve.com