Learning from the three successful foreign agricultural development models

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] At present, China is accelerating the development of modern agriculture. Although various factors such as national conditions and climate have led to different agricultural developments in various countries, some good agricultural development models are worth learning. There are three types of successful modern agricultural models in foreign countries.

Learning from the three successful foreign agricultural development models

First, there are shortages of resources for people and less land. The typical country is the Netherlands, with the main feature of increasing the yield per unit area of ​​land and planting high value-added agricultural products. The Dutch are narrow and the population density is 435 people per square kilometer, which is called the world. Because the land is very precious, the Dutch pursue intensive cultivation and focus on the development of high value-added greenhouse and horticultural crops. Relying on intensive cultivation, this small country that was worried about food and clothing 60 years ago has become the world's third largest exporter of agricultural products, and exports of vegetables and flowers are among the highest in the world.

In addition to the Netherlands, the country worth mentioning is Israel. Israel is located in the Middle East, lacking water and less soil, so it pays attention to the use of land and fresh water than any other country. Israel's water-saving agriculture development ranks in the world, with an average of 2 to 3 kilograms of grain per cubic meter of water, which is two to three times that of China, and the water and fertilizer utilization rate is 80% to 90%. Now, Israel has not only changed the long-term dependence on imports of food, vegetables and fruits, but also exported it in large quantities.

Second, there are fewer people and more labor shortages. A representative country is the United States, with the main use of agricultural machinery to increase agricultural productivity and total agricultural output. The world of agricultural mechanization in the United States is a typical modern large-scale agriculture. The average farmland in the United States is nearly 24,000 mu. If you leave agricultural machinery, American agriculture is difficult to develop. In the United States, the population directly engaged in agricultural production is about 3.5 million people, but this 3.5 million people not only feed 300 million Americans, but also make the United States a major exporter of agricultural products. Countries like the United States, as well as Australia and Canada, also rely on the widespread use of agricultural machinery.

Third, the land and labor force are moderate. The typical country is France. Such countries generally have self-sufficient small-scale agricultural economic traditions. Therefore, the development of modern agriculture is mostly characterized by the transformation of agricultural systems. For many years, in order to develop modern agriculture, France has implemented the practice of “one plus one reduction”. “One plus” refers to the prevention of land dispersion. The state stipulates that the land of the farmer is only allowed to inherit by one child. “One reduction” refers to the diversion of peasants. Farmers over the age of 55 must retire and enjoy the one-off “lifetime subsidy for farmers” issued by the state. At the same time, they are also supplemented by ways to encourage rural youth to work in the factory to reduce farmers. . In addition, France also implements the policy of “working for agriculture”. For decades, France has continued to issue agricultural loans and subsidies, and the state has paid for training farmers.

Nowadays, the small-scale peasant economy that has plagued France for thousands of years has become a thing of the past, replaced by modern agriculture. At present, France's agricultural output and output value rank first in Europe, and it is the second largest agricultural exporter in the world after the United States and the world's largest exporter of agricultural products.