Sulfur antimony lead ore, jamesonite as the main mineral composition of industrially valuable metal deposits, the current domestic rare. Sulfur bismuth ore and brittle bismuth lead ore are mostly mixed crystals or solid solutions formed in other medium-sulfur mineralization environments with other sulfide minerals. Therefore, the in-depth study of this type of ore has important guiding significance for industrial production.
The main mineral of a metal lead - zinc ores Antimony Nandan sphalerite, jamesonite, pyrrhotite, pyrite, according to the nature of the ore, the present experiment employed flotation beneficiation process, lead respectively Antimony concentrate and zinc concentrate. The final closed-circuit test obtained better technical indicators: Pb+Sb grade of lead bismuth concentrate 42.14% (containing 1.30% zinc), recovery rate Pb 83.44%, Sb 86.46%; zinc concentrate zinc grade 45.02% (including Pb+Sb 2.41%), recycling The rate of 89.82%, lead bismuth, zinc separation effect is very good. It can be seen from the test results that the technical indicators of the mineral processing products are ideal, and the determined process flow is a conventional flotation process, indicating that a lead-zinc-zinc polymetallic ore in Nandan is optional and can be developed and utilized as an industrial raw material.
First, the nature of the ore
The ore dressing test samples are blocky and mostly dark gray. Some of the ore blocks are distributed in light brown, white, gray and white. The metal minerals are mainly sphalerite, brittle sulphide ore, and magnetic yellow. , pyrite, a small amount of copper ore yellow, marcasite, arsenopyrite, chalcocite, gangue minerals are mainly water and sericite mica, chlorite, dolomite, siderite, and quartz.
The sphalerite in the ore is in the form of granules, which are aggregated into irregular aggregates. Some of them have a small amount of fine-grained chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, brittle sulphur bismuth ore. The process mineral size is generally Between 0.04 and 0.32 mm; the brittle bismuth lead ore is mostly needle-like and fibrous, and a small amount is in the form of granules, which are aggregated into irregular aggregates. The process mineral size is generally between 0.05 and 0.4 mm; the pyrrhotite is present. He is granular and aggregates into irregular small aggregates, sometimes forming micro-pulses. The granularity of process minerals is generally between 0.02 and 0.2 mm. The pyrite is mostly semi-self-shaped and self-shaped in the shape of a cube. It is granular, fine globular, partially aggregated, and the process mineral grain size is generally between 0.04 and 0.2 mm.
The results of semi-quantitative full analysis and chemical multiple analysis of raw ore are shown in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.
Table 1 Semi-quantitative full analysis results of ore
Table 2 Results of multiple analysis of ore chemistry
The main valuable fractions of the sample are lead bismuth and zinc, and the harmful components are trace amounts of arsenic . The content of silver and indium in the associated beneficial components reaches the comprehensive evaluation of the cut-off grade, which should be comprehensively recovered during the beneficiation process. The content of useful components in the ore is not high, but the degree of comprehensive utilization is high.
Second, the beneficiation test
The study of process mineralogical characteristics shows that the useful components of lead, antimony and zinc are mainly in the form of sulfides. Among them, lead and antimony mainly exist in the form of brittle bismuth ore, and zinc is mainly in the form of sphalerite. Silver may be present in the brittle bismuth ore, and indium may be present in the sphalerite. In addition, the gangue minerals are mainly sericite and hydromica, chlorite and self-cloud. According to the difference in the floatability of minerals in the ore, the useful minerals can be separated and recovered by flotation. Compared with sphalerite, brittle-silver-lead ore is poorly floatable and easily inhibited. Therefore, the lead-zinc polymetallic ore has been subjected to beneficiation test using the preferential flotation process of zinc-suppressed sputum lead.
(1) Grinding fineness condition test
According to the results of ore-mining process mineral grain size, the grain size of the useful mineral brittle bismuth bismuth ore, sphalerite and gangue minerals is relatively coarse, indicating that the sphalerite and brittle bismuth lead ore are easy to be associated with gangue during the grinding process. Dissociation, but due to the presence of fine particulate brittle bismuth ore and pyrrhotite in the sphalerite, in order to improve the product quality of the zinc concentrate, it is necessary to increase the fineness of the grinding to achieve the monomer between the useful minerals. Dissociation to achieve the purpose of effectively recycling useful minerals. Therefore, the test first carried out the condition test of the grinding fineness of the main influencing factors. In the test, the lead lanthanum coarse selection regulator Na 2 CO 3 1kg/t, the sphalerite inhibitor ZnSO 4 800g/t, the brittle sulphur bismuth lead ore was captured. Recipient SN-9 (308) 40g / t. The sphalerite coarsely selected pyrite inhibitor CaO 1500g/t, the sphalerite activator CuSO 4 300g/t, and the collector butyl sodium xanthate 100g/t. The test results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 % of grinding fineness test results
The results of grinding fineness condition test show that the bismuth lead and zinc grades in the tailings are very low when the grinding fineness is 63%, and the recovery rate of concentrate is relatively high, indicating that the target mineral has basically dissociated from the gangue. . However, the content of lead and lead in zinc concentrate is relatively high when the content of lead and lead in the zinc concentrate is -80 mesh 89%. The microscopically obtained concentrates were microscopically identified. It was found that the degree of dissociation between lead and antimony in the concentrate was only ideal when the grinding fineness was 89% at -200 mesh. In the conclusion of the mine identification, some of the lead-lead minerals and zinc minerals in the ore sample are consistent with each other. To obtain higher quality bismuth lead concentrate and zinc concentrate products, reduce the content of bismuth and lead in zinc concentrate products, and improve the recovery rate of bismuth lead. The appropriate grinding fineness should be -200 mesh 89%. Under the condition of fineness of grinding, the condition test of flotation reagent system was carried out.
(2) Test of the dosage of the drug
Since the brittle bismuth lead ore has good floatability under the condition of pH 7, the SN-9(308) with good selectivity to the brittle sulphur bismuth lead mineral is selected as the lead bismuth mineral collector. The pH value of 9-10 was selected as the collector of zinc minerals, and CuSO 4 was selected as the activator of zinc minerals. In order to determine the amount of flotation agent and agent suitable for the sample, the main flotation reagents ZnSO 4 , SN-9, CuSO 4 and diced yellow were tested.
1. Test conditions for the use of lead bismuth preferential flotation reagents
The preferential flotation lead leaching process uses znsO as an inhibitor of sphalerite. The ZnSO 4 dosage conditions are 500g/t, 1kt, 1500g/t, and the brittle sulphur bismuth lead collector SN-9 (308) is 20t. The test results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 % of ZnSO 4 dosage test results
It can be seen from the test results that the larger the amount of inhibitor ZnSO 4 is, the better the flotation effect of lead bismuth is, which means that the excessive amount of inhibitor will affect the recovery rate of lead bismuth. Therefore, the dosage of ZnSO 4 should be 500g/t.
The lead bismuth preferential flotation test determined that the amount of ZnSO 4 was 500g/t, and the amount of SN-9 was tested by 20t, 40t, 60g/t. The test results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 % of SN-9 dosage test results
It can be seen from the test results that with the increase of the amount of collector SN-9, the recovery rate of lead bismuth is increased, but the sorting effect is not very obvious, and the dosage is 60g/t.
2, zinc flotation agent dosage condition test
Through the preferential flotation lead bismuth test procedure, it is determined that the amount of lead sulphide flotation ZnSO 4 is 500g/t and the amount of SN-9 is 60g/t. Before the zinc is selected, lime is added to inhibit pyrite, and the pH of the slurry is adjusted to between 9 and 10 The activator CuSO 4 dosage conditions are 100g/t, 200g/t, 300g/t, and the dosage of Dinghuang is 80g/t. The test results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 CuSO 4 dosage condition test results%
According to the test results, when the amount of CuSO 4 is 100g/t, the suppressed sphalerite has not been well activated, and the recovery rate of zinc is very low, but when the amount of CuSO 4 is adjusted to 200g/t, zinc is used. The recovery rate has been greatly improved. With the increase in the amount of CuSO 4 , the recovery rate is not very obvious, and the dosage is 200 g/t.
In the determination of ZnSO 4 dosage 500t, SN-9 dosage 60t, add lime to inhibit pyrite before zinc selection, adjust the pH value of the slurry to 9-10, the amount of activator CuSO 4 200g / t, the dosage of Ding yellow The results are shown in Table 7 for 80 g/t, 120 g/t, and 160 g/t.
Table 7 % of test results of Ding yellow medicinal amount
It can be seen from the test results that the recovery rate of Dinghuang is not much changed when the dosage is 80-120g/t, but as the dosage increases, the grade of zinc concentrate decreases and the recovery rate decreases. Therefore, the dosage is 80g/ t.
Based on the above test of the dosage conditions of the main flotation reagents, the pharmaceutical system of the whole test procedure was determined, and the preferential flotation process of lead bismuth ZnSO 4 500g/t, Na 2 CO 3 1g/t, SN-980g/t, floating zinc The procedure was CaO1500g/t, CuSO 4 200g/t, and Dinghuang medicine 80g/.
(3) Closed circuit test
After determining the conditions of the main influencing factors, the laboratory closed-circuit process test is conducted to provide a beneficiation process. According to the test results of open circuit conditions, the zinc content in lead bismuth concentrate is between 1% and 2%, and the content of lead and bismuth in zinc concentrate is less than 0.5%. The separation effect of lead bismuth and zinc in open floating flotation is better. it is good. The closed-circuit process test adds lime to inhibit pyrite during the two operations of zinc selection, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the grade of zinc concentrate. The closed circuit test flow is shown in the figure below, and the test results are shown in Table 8.
Flow chart of grinding principle of 1500d plant in Huangshaping polymetallic mine
Table 8 Closed-circuit process test results%
The results of closed-circuit test showed that the Pb+Sb grade in lead bismuth concentrate was 42.14%, the recovery rate of Pb and Sb was 83.44% and 86.46%, respectively; the Zn grade in zinc concentrate was 45.02%; the recovery rate was 89.82%. The technical indicators obtained are better. In addition, the associated beneficial component silver is well enriched in the bismuth-lead-zinc concentrate. Six groups of parallel tests were carried out, and the three groups of mineral processing products whose concentrates and tailings weights were respectively balanced were analyzed. The lead, antimony and zinc metals were basically balanced, indicating the technical indicators obtained by the closed-circuit test process. Good reproducibility and reliable test technical data.
Third, the conclusion
1. The useful components of ore, lead, antimony and zinc are mainly in the form of brittle sulphide lead ore and sphalerite minerals. The gangue minerals are mainly sericite and hydromica, chlorite and dolomite. The size of the inlay between the useful mineral and the gangue mineral is relatively coarse, but the granularity of the inter-mineral interlaminar is fine, and the ore must be finely ground to obtain a better sorting granularity.
2. According to the difference of the floatability between minerals in the ore, the conventional flotation system was used to determine the preferential flotation process of “Zinc-Suppressing Lead-Zinc-Floating Zincâ€. The closed-circuit process test obtained the ideal technical index: lead bismuth The Pb+Sb grade in the concentrate was 42.14%, the recovery rates of Pb and Sb were 83.44% and 86.46%, respectively; the Zn grade in zinc concentrate was 45.02%, and the recovery rate was 89.82%. The effective separation and recovery of lead bismuth and zinc are realized.
3. The comprehensive utilization degree of ore is high, and the beneficial component silver is enriched in the brittle sulphide lead ore concentrate, the silver grade reaches 1079g/t; the indium is enriched in the sphalerite concentrate, and the indium grade reaches 200g/t. The added value of mineral processing products has been increased, and silver and indium can be comprehensively recovered in the smelting process.
4. The experimental research results can provide technical reference for the technical and economic evaluation of the deposits in the mining area, the selection of plants and the development and utilization.
references
1. Wei Zongwu, Ye Xuejun, Chen Jianhua, et al. Study on the new technology of leaching lead, zinc and zinc separation[J]. China Mining Industry, 2006, 15(9): 89-90.
2. Sun Yunli, Li Fulan.Experimental Study on Beneficiation Process of Longzi Lead-Zinc-Silver-Silver Polymetallic Ore[J].Gansu Metallurgy,2007,29(4):9-35.
3, Zhao Fugang. Current status of lead-zinc ore dressing technology in China. Non-ferrous mining and metallurgy [J], 2o07, 23 (6): 20-25.
4. Guangxi Geological and Minerals Testing and Research Center. Report on the laboratory beneficiation test of the southwest Dangepan zinc polymetallic ore [R]. July 2008.
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