——Interview with Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer Enhancement and Process Energy Saving Ministry of Education Professor Zhang Zhengguo Advanced energy-saving technologies have become the key to the sustainable development of the petroleum and chemical industries. Among them, heat exchangers that play an important role in chemical equipment have good performance. Badly affects energy efficiency directly. To this end, Professor Zhang Zhenguo, Associate Dean of the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology and the Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer Enhancement and Process Energy Conservation of the Ministry of Education proposed that in the development of enhanced heat transfer technology, high-efficiency heat exchangers should be vigorously promoted in chemical companies. , Advanced advanced heat transfer enhancement technology introduced into chemical production.
80% heat exchanger heat efficiency is low In the petrochemical industry, heat transfer equipment investment accounts for more than 30% of the total equipment investment, so improving the performance of the heat exchanger is very important for the energy saving and emission reduction in the chemical industry and improving efficiency. Professor Zhang Zhengguo said that currently in China's petrochemical industry, more than 80% of shell-and-tube heat exchangers still use a bow-type separator smooth pipe structure, this structure determines the heat transfer effect of the heat exchanger is poor, the shell pressure drop This is incompatible with the energy conservation and emission reduction policies that are being implemented in China. In addition, the bow-shaped baffle has a dead zone on the shell side, resulting in easy accumulation of dirt and corrosion damage to the heat transfer tube; and vertical flushing of the tube bundle by the fluid can easily cause vibration damage of the heat transfer tube, and these factors will shorten the life of the heat exchanger. Each year, the global economic losses caused by corrosion and vibration damage to heat exchangers exceed US$10 billion.
Development of enhanced heat transfer technology is the key Professor Zhang Zhengguo said that to improve the performance of heat exchangers, the key is to develop high-efficiency heat transfer enhancement technology: First, develop different enhanced tube types, and second, develop new types of intertube support structures. Then, according to different heat transfer media and heat transfer characteristics, different reinforced pipe types and supporting structures are reasonably combined to enhance the heat transfer between the fluid flow mode and the heat transfer surface structure, thereby improving the performance of the heat exchanger.
For different heat transfer modes such as single relative flow heat transfer, steam condensation heat transfer, and liquid boiling heat transfer, researchers have developed internally threaded tubes, low-ribbed tubes, T-fin tubes, petal-type fin tubes, and three-dimensional Internal ribbed tubes, three-dimensional external ribbed tubes, and internal and external composite reinforced tubes and other efficient heat exchangers. In the case of a T-shaped heat exchanger with a modified tube type, the T-shaped fin tube was first invented by a German company in 1978 and is mainly used in reboilers. In 1989, South China University of Technology and Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Co., Ltd. jointly developed China's first T-type finned tube reboiler, and it was operated in Changling Refinery Chemical Plant in 1992. It saves 30% of the heat transfer area compared to the smooth tube, and can still run smoothly under 33% of the superheat load.
The use of different reinforcement tubes and a reasonable mix of new tube support structures can further increase the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. Guangzhou Huerpu Chemical Co., Ltd. uses a spiral septum to strengthen the tube cooler and condenser, which reduces the area of ​​the smooth tube heat exchanger by more than 40% compared with the bow-type septum, saves 10% of circulating cooling water, and has a large elasticity of operation.
High-efficiency heat exchangers should be widely promoted The reporter learned that although foreign petrochemical companies now prefer to use high-efficiency heat exchangers, high-efficiency heat exchangers are not yet widely used in China's chemical industry, and high-efficiency heat exchangers account for the total number of heat exchangers. Less than 20%. Professor Zhang Zhengguo believes that we must pay attention to enhancing the benefits of heat transfer, and we must vigorously promote the use of high-efficiency heat exchangers in chemical companies.
Heat transfer enhancement and process energy saving are of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction in the chemical industry. High-efficiency heat exchangers not only improve energy efficiency, but also have a compact structure that reduces metal material consumption. In particular, in the expansion and transformation of chemical companies, after the expansion of production capacity, the heat exchange capacity must also be increased. However, due to space limitations, high-efficiency heat exchangers must be used in place of traditional heat exchangers. Efficient heat exchangers use a small temperature difference to achieve heat transfer and also recover low grade heat.
Zhang Zhengguo pointed out that in the past, China did not have strict requirements for energy-saving and emission-reduction, and ordinary heat exchangers were easy to manufacture and the price was very cheap. The long-term use of ordinary heat exchangers led to very low heat exchange efficiency and wasted energy. Now, the Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Development Plan lists energy-saving technologies and equipment in the high energy-consuming fields of the petrochemical industry and other process industries as the priority themes for industrial energy conservation. High-efficiency heat exchangers are highly valued by the government as an energy-saving device, and the “863†program of the Ministry of Science and Technology is also supporting the development of efficient heat exchangers. While the country attaches great importance to its research, it should also combine the research results with the actual application of the enterprise, so that various forms of high-efficiency heat exchangers can be widely promoted, and the energy-saving and emission reduction of the petrochemical industry can be implemented.
80% heat exchanger heat efficiency is low In the petrochemical industry, heat transfer equipment investment accounts for more than 30% of the total equipment investment, so improving the performance of the heat exchanger is very important for the energy saving and emission reduction in the chemical industry and improving efficiency. Professor Zhang Zhengguo said that currently in China's petrochemical industry, more than 80% of shell-and-tube heat exchangers still use a bow-type separator smooth pipe structure, this structure determines the heat transfer effect of the heat exchanger is poor, the shell pressure drop This is incompatible with the energy conservation and emission reduction policies that are being implemented in China. In addition, the bow-shaped baffle has a dead zone on the shell side, resulting in easy accumulation of dirt and corrosion damage to the heat transfer tube; and vertical flushing of the tube bundle by the fluid can easily cause vibration damage of the heat transfer tube, and these factors will shorten the life of the heat exchanger. Each year, the global economic losses caused by corrosion and vibration damage to heat exchangers exceed US$10 billion.
Development of enhanced heat transfer technology is the key Professor Zhang Zhengguo said that to improve the performance of heat exchangers, the key is to develop high-efficiency heat transfer enhancement technology: First, develop different enhanced tube types, and second, develop new types of intertube support structures. Then, according to different heat transfer media and heat transfer characteristics, different reinforced pipe types and supporting structures are reasonably combined to enhance the heat transfer between the fluid flow mode and the heat transfer surface structure, thereby improving the performance of the heat exchanger.
For different heat transfer modes such as single relative flow heat transfer, steam condensation heat transfer, and liquid boiling heat transfer, researchers have developed internally threaded tubes, low-ribbed tubes, T-fin tubes, petal-type fin tubes, and three-dimensional Internal ribbed tubes, three-dimensional external ribbed tubes, and internal and external composite reinforced tubes and other efficient heat exchangers. In the case of a T-shaped heat exchanger with a modified tube type, the T-shaped fin tube was first invented by a German company in 1978 and is mainly used in reboilers. In 1989, South China University of Technology and Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Co., Ltd. jointly developed China's first T-type finned tube reboiler, and it was operated in Changling Refinery Chemical Plant in 1992. It saves 30% of the heat transfer area compared to the smooth tube, and can still run smoothly under 33% of the superheat load.
The use of different reinforcement tubes and a reasonable mix of new tube support structures can further increase the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. Guangzhou Huerpu Chemical Co., Ltd. uses a spiral septum to strengthen the tube cooler and condenser, which reduces the area of ​​the smooth tube heat exchanger by more than 40% compared with the bow-type septum, saves 10% of circulating cooling water, and has a large elasticity of operation.
High-efficiency heat exchangers should be widely promoted The reporter learned that although foreign petrochemical companies now prefer to use high-efficiency heat exchangers, high-efficiency heat exchangers are not yet widely used in China's chemical industry, and high-efficiency heat exchangers account for the total number of heat exchangers. Less than 20%. Professor Zhang Zhengguo believes that we must pay attention to enhancing the benefits of heat transfer, and we must vigorously promote the use of high-efficiency heat exchangers in chemical companies.
Heat transfer enhancement and process energy saving are of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction in the chemical industry. High-efficiency heat exchangers not only improve energy efficiency, but also have a compact structure that reduces metal material consumption. In particular, in the expansion and transformation of chemical companies, after the expansion of production capacity, the heat exchange capacity must also be increased. However, due to space limitations, high-efficiency heat exchangers must be used in place of traditional heat exchangers. Efficient heat exchangers use a small temperature difference to achieve heat transfer and also recover low grade heat.
Zhang Zhengguo pointed out that in the past, China did not have strict requirements for energy-saving and emission-reduction, and ordinary heat exchangers were easy to manufacture and the price was very cheap. The long-term use of ordinary heat exchangers led to very low heat exchange efficiency and wasted energy. Now, the Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Development Plan lists energy-saving technologies and equipment in the high energy-consuming fields of the petrochemical industry and other process industries as the priority themes for industrial energy conservation. High-efficiency heat exchangers are highly valued by the government as an energy-saving device, and the “863†program of the Ministry of Science and Technology is also supporting the development of efficient heat exchangers. While the country attaches great importance to its research, it should also combine the research results with the actual application of the enterprise, so that various forms of high-efficiency heat exchangers can be widely promoted, and the energy-saving and emission reduction of the petrochemical industry can be implemented.
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