The mica mineral is one of the most widely distributed rock-forming minerals in nature.
The chemical composition of the mica group can be represented by the formula of R + R 2 3 + [AlSi 3 O 10 ](OH) 2 and R + R 3 2 + [AlSi 3 O 10 ](OH) 2 . R+ is K or Na; R 2 + is Mg 2 + , Mn 2 + , Fe 2 + , Ba 2 + ; R 3 + is Fe 3 + , Al 3 + , Mn 3 + , occasionally Cr 3+ , V 3+, etc.; in some cases, 2Mg 2+ can be replaced by one Li + and one Al 3+ .
The structure of mica is similar to that of talc . The difference is that 1/4Si 4+ in the silicon tetrahedron in the unit structure layer is replaced by Al 3+ , thus causing a negative electricity price in the structural layer of the unit, in order to achieve electricity price balance. Therefore, a cation such as K + is added between the unit structural layers. The connection between the structural layers is relatively stable and therefore has a greater hardness than talc, and the {001} and fully cleavable sheets are generally elastic.
Due to the similarity of the internal structure of each mineral in the mica family, there are many common features in terms of morphology and physical properties, such as mostly monoclinic crystals, crystals in the form of pseudo-hexagonal plates or plates, sometimes in the form of pseudo hexagonal columns. . {001}Cleavage and complete. The glass is shiny and the cleavage surface is pearl luster. The sheet is elastic. Hardness 2-3 and so on.
Depending on the chemical composition, the mica can be divided into the following categories:
Black mica K(Mg,Fe) 3 [AlSi 3 O 10 ](OH,F) 2
Phlogopite KMg 3 [AlSi 3 O 10] (OH, F) 2
Muscovite KAl2[AlSi 3 O 10 ](OH,F) 2
Lithium mica KLi 1-5 Al 1-5 [AlSi 3 O 10 ]( F,OH) 2
Iron lithium mica KLiFe2+Al[AlSi 3 O 10 ]( F,OH) 2
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