At present, the domestic mining methods for this type of ore body mainly include segmental empty field method, chassis funnel mining method, stratified filling method and sublevel caving method; while mining this type of ore body is mainly based on room and column method, filling The law and the explosive force transfer mining method are mainly [4-6]. Combined with the occurrence of the Lingnan ore body of Fankou Mine and the status quo of mining, this paper proposes a mechanized segmented rock mass section filling mining method for the problems in the process of mining this type of ore body by ordinary upward horizontal stratification filling method. Four mining methods for segmented rock mass subsection filling mining method, mechanized high-level stratified filling mining method and mechanized horizontal rock drilling layered filling mining method. After qualitative and shortcomings of each scheme and quantitative fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, it is concluded that the mechanized segmented rock mass segment filling mining method is the best one of the four schemes. The standard scheme is shown in Figure 1.
(1) Nugget layout and stope structure parameters. The stope is arranged along the ore body. The length of the stope is 100m, the width is the thickness of the ore body, the height of the middle section is 50m, the height of the section is 8m, and the bottom column of 8m is reserved.
(2) Precision cutting engineering. The mining and cutting projects mainly include the application of slopes, sectioned roads, sectioned mining and distribution roads, slipping mines, cutting and connecting lanes, cutting lanes, and dewatering wells. The roadway is excavated from the lower part of the roadway, and the slope is at a certain distance from the ore body at the level of each section and along the ore body, and the section along the vein roadway is drilled along the ore body. The ore body is on the upper plate and connected with the segmented roadway and the slipping mine. The first section excavates the veined bottom roadway in the ore body, and expands and collects the mining in the bottoming tunnel to expand the upper and lower plate boundaries of the ore body. From the central part of the section roadway, the section is cut into the contact roadway to the upper part of the ore body. In the segmented cutting lane of the first section, the mining method is used to recover the upper section to the upper middle section to form a 3m wide stopway. After the ore of the net cutting groove is cut out in the segmented cutting lane, the free surface space of the sub-section and the ventilation channel of the stope are formed.
(3) Mining process. Firstly, the fan-shaped parallel middle-deep hole is drilled upwards with the rock drilling trolley at the bottom of the stope. After the deep hole drilling in the section is completed, the cutting groove is used as the free surface, the section is blasted and the mining is performed, and the blasting is performed from the middle to the both ends. Picking up. Through the segmented alley to the segmental mining contact into the stope, the remote scraper is used to mine and pour into the stope ore. After the segmentation is completed, the segmented cementation filling is carried out and filled to the elevation of the upper segmental floor. After the quality of the filling body meets the requirements, the next process can be carried out, and the bristle trolley enters the stope from the segmental mining contact road. At both ends of the stope, the roof is inspected in the middle, and the pumice and looseness of the roof of the stope are taken down. Then LONGWALL roof support disc, the disc supporting roof bolt grouting hollow metal mesh and grouting combined support and the roof. After the support of the top plate of the stope is completed, the triangular body of the lower plate is cut, and the working space of the fan-shaped medium-deep hole is drilled as the upper-stage rock drilling trolley, and the triangular body waste rock of the blasting disc is transported to the upper plate triangle of the stope. In the body, reduce the secondary loss of ore body mining. In the submerged space of the cemented backfill, a rock drilling trolley is used to carry out the upper section of the middle and deep hole rock drilling, and after the section rock drilling is completed, the upper section is taken back.
(4) Ventilation of the stope. The fresh air flow passes through the lower plate transportation lane, and enters the section roadway and the section mining roadway to the stope through the quasi-slope road. The sewage wind enters the return airway of the upper middle section through the cutting groove of the mining field.
(5) Filling. After the completion of one section of the mining, the cement filling is carried out and the filling height is 8m, and then the rubber surface operation is carried out; after the subsequent sections are finished, the sectional filling is carried out, and the filling height is 8m. Before filling, the retaining wall should be filled at both ends of the stope and the dewatering well should be set up. When filling, the pipeline will be transported from the end of the stope to the stope, and dewatering operation will be carried out through the dewatering well.
3 mining process industry test
According to the method and process of mechanized segmented rock mass segmentation mining, and the conditions of the Shiling South slope to the inclined medium thick ore body and the actual conditions of the underground, it is decided to carry out the mining process industrial test in the 209# stope of the Shiling South-500m middle section. The length of the test stop is about 60m. The ore body of the test site is nearly north-south. The southern ore body is slightly thinner and slightly thicker. The average inclination of the ore body is about 40°, and the horizontal thickness of the ore body is about 5m. The inter-layer fissures in the surrounding rock strata of the test stope are relatively developed. In addition to the fault structure in the ore body and surrounding rock, the inter-layer fracture surface in the surrounding rock should be paid attention to; the roof structure of the stope is poor, joint fissures Development, the surrounding rock of the ore body is relatively broken, the inter-layer structure is developed, and it is prone to inter-layer spalling.
3.1shn-500m209# South section stope mining overall layout
The stope enters from the shn-500m one-stage flat slope, and the cutting patio is arranged at the southern end of the ore body. Due to the thinness of the southern ore body, if the patio is used as the free surface, the row-by-row cannon is broken, and the middle-deep hole may collapse laterally. Because the trough area is narrow, the back blasthole ore body is widened row by row, and the blasting causes the ore to be depleted and lost or the blasting effect is deteriorated. Therefore, in the middle of the stope, the gutter area is arranged, and the artificial diagonal groove is arranged, and four holes are arranged. The hole net parameter of the gutter area is 1.2 m×1.2 m. The ore body at the southern end of the stope is thinner and is manually picked for recovery. The layout of the test stop is shown in Figure 2.
3.2shn-500m209#(Saijo) South section mining site mining and blasting
After the completion of the construction of the blasthole in the test stop, it is necessary to revise the mine boundary and accept the blasthole. After the acceptance is passed, the blasting operation can be started. The trough area is arranged between the 13th row and the 15th row, and 9 holes are arranged, 4 holes are arranged, 4 charging holes are arranged, and a charging hole is arranged in the middle, and the center is arranged with 9 holes. The ring hole is blasted and pulled to form a pulling space. The lower part of the ore body is arranged with 2 to 3 inclined holes. The upper part of the ore body is arranged according to the site condition, and the straight hole is arranged to make the side space of the free surface, and finally the stope is formed. In the trough area, the hole pattern in the trough area of ​​the stope is shown in Figure 3.
The charge of the blasthole is calculated according to the charge coefficient of 0.85. The rest of the charge is the clogging length. For the shorter blasthole, the clogging length is not less than 0.4m. The non-conducting squib detonation system is adopted; the detonating detonating tube detonator is installed at the bottom of the hole; the differential detonation method is adopted, and the lateral direction is the free surface and the compensation space, the middle hole of the same row first rings, the upper and lower sides of the hole are ringed, and the row is detonated. Install a local fan at the exit of the stope, clean the blasting working face with fresh airflow, return to the return airway through the return airway; use the remote-controlled scraper to mine, and unload the mine in the nearby.
Each section of the stope is blasted once, and the pull-slot area is used as the free-faced side-by-segment segment to the pull-slot area for one-time blasting. The southern end of the stope is manually picked up for recovery, and the column hole is used for mining. The field-shaped space and the artificially elevated space perform lateral blasting for the free surface, and the blasting operation of the entire mining process must be carried out in strict accordance with the corresponding operating procedures.
4 results and conclusions
After about half a year of mechanized sub-rock drilling and filling method industrial mining test, according to the statistical results of on-site mining, it is known that the total mining amount is about 45,000 tons during the test period, the ore loss rate is about 3%, and the ore depletion rate About 10%. In addition, in the test stop, the method of hollow grouting anchor and metal mesh and roof grouting combined support is adopted, which is used to support the top plate of the stope. The effect of on-site support is generally good and can be better satisfied. Safety requirements such as equipment during mining. The field test results show that the mechanized segmented rock mass segment filling method has high mechanization degree and strong adaptability, and is suitable for mining ore bodies with large change of shape, and has obtained good technical indexes for the safe and efficient mining of mines. The medium-thick ore body has accumulated a certain amount of experience and is suitable for popularization and application in mines with similar conditions.
references:
[1] Li Xiangdong, Zhou Yilong, Li Qiang, et al. The research report on the mining technology of gently inclined ore body in Fankou Mine [R]. Changsha: Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd. Fankou lead zinc mine in 2015.
[2] Huang Peisheng. The current status and analysis of the mining technology of Fankou lead-zinc mine [J]. Mining and Metallurgy, 2001, 10 (4): 1-5.
[3] Zhang Muyi. Innovation and development of Fankou lead-zinc mining technology [J]. Mining Technology, 2010, 10(3): 6-9.
[4] Xiu Lei, Qiao Mu, Li Zhijun, etc. Research on mining method of gently inclined medium thick ore body [J]. Non-ferrous metals (mine part), 2011, 63 (2): 8-10, 63.
[5] Ren Jianping, Yang Yuping, Deng Liang, et al. Mining status and development trend of inclined medium and thick ore bodies at home and abroad [J]. Modern Mining, 2009 (6): 1-4.
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Zhou Yilong, Jiang Feifei, Li Qiang; Changsha Mining Research Institute Co., Ltd., Changsha 410012, China; National Metal Mining Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410012 , China ;
Source: Mining Technology: 2016, 16(2);
Copyright:
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