China's titanium resources are very rich, and reserves rank first in the world. There are more than 20 provinces and regions in the country with titanium resources, mainly distributed in Panxi, Sichuan, Chengde, Hebei, Hainan, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces, with a resource reserve of about 750 million tons. The most important resource is titanium Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetic iron ore ilmenite reserves accounting for 97% of the original titanium reserves, out of the countries first. In recent years, China has accelerated the development and utilization of titanium resources.
Ilmenite is an important raw material for the production of titanium dioxide. The domestically produced ilmenite can not meet the demand of titanium dioxide industry, and the demand gap should be imported from abroad. In China, some iron ore tailings contain certain ilmenite, and it is of great significance to recover titanium from such iron tailings. In this study, an iron tailings test was carried out to recover titanium, and good results were obtained.
First, tailings properties
Process ore sample analysis showed that the metallic iron tailing minerals ilmenite, magnetite and pyrite, a small amount of yellow copper ore; non-metallic titanium minerals pyroxene, hornblende, and quartz. The multi-element chemical analysis results of the tailings are shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the component worth recovering in the tailings is titanium dioxide.
0.2 kg of representative ore sample of -2 mm was taken, and dry vibrating screening was carried out with a standard set of sieves. The products of each size grade were separately weighed and sampled, and the results are shown in Table 2.
It can be seen from Table 2 that the grade of titanium in the coarse-grain grade is low, and the titanium is mainly distributed in the range of -0.2 mm, and the metal distribution rate accounts for 69.26% of the titanium.
Second, the test plan design
Studies on the properties of tailings indicate that the distribution of titanium in the tailings is mainly in the range of -0.2 mm. Effective means of recovering ilmenite are strong magnetic separation, re-election, flotation, and electrification. The density of ilmenite is about 4.7g/cm 3 , which is re-selected to achieve the separation of ilmenite and gangue. According to the magnetic difference of ilmenite and magnetite, weak magnetic separation can be used to select from ilmenite. Magnetite; ilmenite has weak magnetic properties, and can remove pyrite and gangue from ilmenite by strong magnetic separation; ferrotitanium can be removed by electric selection according to the difference of conductivity between ilmenite and phosgene Titanite in the mine to obtain high quality titanium concentrate.
Third, the test process and calculation results
According to the design process of the beneficiation process, it is determined that the ilmenite in an iron tailings is recovered by grinding, strong magnetic separation-shaker-flotation. Since the distribution of titanium in the tailings is mainly concentrated in the -0.5+0.074mm grain size, the mine is first coarsely ground and ground to -200 mesh, accounting for 50%. After two strong magnetic separations, the magnetic field strength is 994.725. kA/m abandoned tailings, strong magnetic separation concentrate and re-grinding to -200 mesh accounted for 70%, and then selected by shaker to obtain a shaker concentrate with a grade of 37.28%, because the grade is low, so Shaker concentrate for flotation. The agents used for flotation are sulfuric acid, sodium fluorosilicate, oxidized paraffin soap and 2# oil. The number of quality processes is shown in Figure 1.
It can be seen from Fig. 1 that after one strong magnetic separation, the iron tailings can be thrown out of a tailings with a yield of 35.23% and a grade of 1.22%, and after one strong magnetic separation, a strong magnetic separation concentrate is carried out with a shaker. After re-election, the shaker concentrate with a grade of 37.28% can be obtained. The shaker concentrate can be obtained by 4 times of rough selection and 4 times of flotation, and the grade is 47.15%, the yield is 3.86%, and the recovery rate is 39.48. % of titanium dioxide concentrate.
Fourth, the conclusion
(1) The tailings contain 4.61% of titanium. Through the comprehensive process of grinding, strong magnetic separation-shaker-flotation, the qualified grade of titanium oxide can be selected with a grade of 47.15%, a yield of 3.86% and a recovery rate of 39.48%. mine.
(2) The tailings have a coarser particle size, the -0.074 mm fraction is 25.39%, the +0.2 mm coarse fraction is about 50%, and the coarse grade tailings have a low grade of titanium, which is about 2.7. %, so when grinding, use two sections of grinding. One section of grinding fineness - 200 mesh accounted for about 50%, and the second section of grinding fineness - 200 mesh accounted for about 70%.
(3) The rough selection in the sorting process can be performed by strong magnetic separation or re-election. When using strong magnetic separation, the magnetic field induction intensity should be 0.6~0.9 T, and the high-time diopside will enter the magnetic product. At that time, ilmenite enters the tailings and reduces the recovery rate.
(4) The flotation conditions need to be strictly controlled, especially the amount of sulfuric acid added. If the concentration is insufficient, the concentrate grade is low, and the recovery rate is low.
references
[1] Wang Zhaoyuan. Industrial experimental study on recovery of ilmenite from Taihe iron ore tailings [J]. Jiangxi Nonferrous Metals, 2004 (9): 16-18.
[2] Liu Ming, Xu Lihua, Qi Yunping. Comprehensive utilization of titanium tailings from Panzhihua [J]. Modern Mining, 2007 (6): 53-56.
[3] Guo Mingbin. Study on iron selection and titanium selection process in Majiatian tailings of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. [J]. Panzhihua Technology and Information, 2007 (4): 1-7.
[4] Dai Xinyu, Yu Dewen. Experimental study on the selection of titanium from the strong magnetic tailings of the Titanium Plant in Montenegro [J]. Metal Mine, 2007 (12): 128-130.
[5] Fu article, Zhang Yuan. Experimental study on flotation of ilmenite in Panzhihua iron ore tailings [J]. Metal Mine, 1999 (6): 29-32.
[6] Zhang Zonghua, Zhang Guifang. Study on the process of recovering ilmenite and sulfide ore from iron ore tailings [J]. Rare Metals, 2003 (9): 617-620.
[7] Zhang Yuan. Study on recycling and utilization of ilmenite in Panzhihua iron ore tailings [D]. Chengdu: Institute of Minerals Comprehensive Utilization, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 2003.
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