Nonionic: hydrocarbon oil, insoluble lipids.
Ionic type: cation, anion, heteropolar collector.
Anionic: fluorenyl (spherical HS) hydrocarbyl acid and soap.
Second, the role of collector
1. Improve the hydrophobicity of the mineral surface;
2. Increase the adhesion of minerals on the bubbles and shorten the induction time.
3. Non-polar hydrocarbon oil traps and their mechanism of action
1. The nature of hydrocarbon oils;
2. The mechanism of action of hydrocarbon oils:
(1) the role of hydrocarbon oils and water;
(2) the role of hydrocarbon oils and minerals;
(3) The capture effect of hydrocarbon oils.
3. The effect of hydrocarbon oil composition on capture:
(1) the effect of non-polar components on flotation;
(2) the role of heteropolar compounds in flotation;
(3) Effect of hydrocarbon oil fraction on sorting.
4. Ways to increase the flotation activity of hydrocarbon oils
Fourth, alkaloid anionic collector
Collector commonly used in flotation of sulfide ore
1. Characteristics: The hydrocarbon chain is short, the molecular weight is small, and the polar hydrophilic group contains a divalent sulfur atom, which is hydrolyzed to form a product of the -SH group. The dissociated anion has a trapping effect and belongs to a heteropolar substance.
2. Representative pharmacy
(1) xanthate
Classification: a hydrocarbon group carbon number, advanced, low grade;
b cationic substance: Na, K.
Properties: Physical properties: yellow powdery solid.
Chemical properties: unstable, heat, water, acid decomposition, failure, oxidation to produce double xanthate: (ROCSS) 2.
Harvesting capacity:
a The effect of the length of the hydrocarbon chain, the longer the collection capacity;
b hydrocarbon-based structure effects, the difference between normal and heterogeneous;
c The effect of the nature of the object.
The selectivity of xanthate: the longer the hydrocarbon chain, the less selective.
(2) Black medicine
Me: H+ cresol, Na+ sodium black medicine, NH4+ butyl ammonium black medicine.
Nature: Some toxicity, not easy to decompose in acidic media.
The butyl ammonium black drug is easily soluble in water, has no corrosive properties, is stable in nature, and is not easily deteriorated.
Capturing capacity: weaker than xanthate, strong selectivity, suitable for wide pH value of pulp.
(3) sulfur nitrogen collector
(4) Baiyao: thiodiphenylurea (CO(NH2)2)
3. Mechanism of action with minerals
Divalent sulfur is a hydrophilic group, and the mechanism of action of such agents is basically the same.
(1) Chemical adsorption says:
Under aerobic conditions, the collector ion chemisorbed mineral surface hydrophobic generated insoluble metal xanthates.
(2) Double xanthate insights:
In an aerobic environment, xanthate has a surface of sulphide ore to form a xanthate.
(3) Co-adsorption:
The combination of the above two points of view.
Five, lipid collector
Xanthogen lipids:
Hydrocarbylthiocarbamate: Dithio
Thio
6. Hydrocarbon acid and soap anion collector
Effective collector for oxidized minerals:
1. Carboxylic acids and their soaps (review organic chemistry);
2. Hydrocarbyl sulfonates and hydrocarbyl sulfates:
Sulfonate: R-SO3Na
Sulfate: RO-SO3Na
Organic heteropolar surfactant: strong molecular weight, low foaming ability, daily detergent;
High molecular weight, high capacity, carboxylic acid.
3. Mechanism of action:
(1) Physical adsorption: electrostatic adsorption on a positively charged mineral surface;
(2) Chemical adsorption: adsorption to the mineral surface by chemical bonding;
(3) Semi-micelle adsorption.
4. Formation of ion-molecular complex adsorption.
Seven, amine collector
Cationic collector:
1. Amine and its salts (self-study);
2. Mechanism of action: a physical adsorption; b semi-micelle adsorption; c formation of complex adsorption.
3. Application range.
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